The Leaugist Army at the Battle of Weisloch (Mingolsheim) 1622

Cavalry

The Leaugist cavalry companies had a papper strenght of 100 Horse plus officers and staff.

The Herberstorff-Pappenheim Companies of Horse

Lieutenant-Colonel Gottfried Heinrich von Pappenheim

7 companies:

Lieutenant-Colonel Gottfried Heinrich von Pappenheim (Cuirassiers)

Major von Montigni (Cuirassiers)

Captain Dominicus Vigilis, Freiherr zu Spor (Cuirassiers)

Captain Walkhun von Herberstorff (Cuirassiers)

Captain Mattias, Freiherr zu Kainach (Harquebusiers)

Captain Erasmus von Gera (Harquebusiers)

Captain Walraf Scheifrad von Merode (Harquebusiers)

Raised in 1619 Adam v. Herberstorff’s regiment of Horse had ceased to exist as a regimental unit by the autumn of 1621 however the regiment had never been officaly disband so the the individual companies remained  in service but were split and served in several different commands. By April of 1622 seven of the “Old” companies were serving with Tilly and were led by Pappenheim. Meanwhile Herberstorff was recruiting two new “half-regiments” and two independent companies as reinforcements for Tilly. Once all of the various units raised by Herberstorff had arrived in the Palatinate the old and new companies were reorganised into 3 regiments. (Herberstorff I & II and Pappenheim) (This occured in May 1622 after lenghty negotiations)  

The Würzburg regiment of Horse

Colonel Franz von Herzelles

6 companies:

Colonel Franz von Herzelles

Lieutenant-Colonel Otto Friedrich von Schönburg

Major Niedhard von Thüngen

Captain Horch

Captain Maximilian von Billehe

Captain Daniel Voit von Rieneck

Wertheim provides no information about the type of cavalry in each company. However in 1625 the regiment had 6 companies of Cuirassiers and 4 companies of Harquebusiers.

Raised by Johann Gottfried, the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg the regiment had been placed under Tilly’s command in 1620 and from then on served with the Bavarians. Lt-Col Schönberg became colonel of the regiment in June 1622 and it was under his command that the regiment earned the reputation as one of the finest regiments in the Leaugist army.

Winandt von Eynatten’s regiment of Horse

Colonel Winandt von Eynatten

6 companies (5 of which took part in the battle):

Colonel Winandt von Eynatten

Lieutenant-Colonel Nicolas von Cronenburg (Duke Maximilian’s Lifeguard company)

Captain Hermann Wipart

Captain Bernhard Hoengen, called Wassenberg

Captain Matthias Batalle (aka Badalin)

Captain Hans, Count Stolberg

The regiment was created in 1620 when 6 companies of Cuirassiers (the former regiment Herman von der Lippe) belonging to the Bishopric of Colonge was transferred to Bavarian service. In Bavarian service the regiment was reorganised, one company was transferred to Cratz’ regiment, Riz’ company was converted into a independent Croat company and a third company was divided into two companies which were then brought up to strenght with new recruits. Eynatten was promoted to colonel in Arpil 1622 as reward for his performance in the Action of Weingarten.

Cronenburg’s company of lifeguards became part of the regiment from 1620 onward but served separately until shortly before the battle of Höchst.

Lorenzo del Maestro’s regiment of Horse

Del Maestro’s regiment is another of those complicated Bavarian regiments. Del Maestro was orginaly the Lt-Col. of v. Boeninkhausen’s regiment of Cuirassier, in January 1622 he was promoted to colonel of a new Harquebusier regiment that was to be recruited in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. However Col. v. Boeninkhausen died unexpectedly in  February and del Maestro request and was granted the command of the regiment. However as Del Maestro only had a commision for 10 companies he had transfer 5 of his newly recruited Harquebusier companies to Desfours. As the new companies had yet to reach the Palatinate (they did so just before the battle of Wimpfen) Del Maestro had only the 5 “old” companies from Boeninkhausen’s regiment available for service. Of these 4 may have taken part in the battle of  Weisloch but this uncertain as there is no direct evidence that they did so.

The “Old” companies:

Colonel Lorenzo del Maestro (Cuirassiers)

Lieutenat-Colonel Ligain (probably identical with Joan Raspau) (Cuirassiers)

Captain Dietrich von Butterberg zu Boeninkhausen (Cuirassiers)

Captain Ludwig von Lülstorff (Col. V. Boeninkhausen’s old company) (Cuirassiers)

Captain Brugger (Harquebusiers)

Captain Juritzsch company of Croats (150)

One of two independet Croat companies recruited by Adam von Heberstroff, the company was supposed to be part of the convoy of troops led by v. Herberstorff but Juritzsch had disobeyed orders and hurried in advance to join Tilly.

Infantry

The Leaugist army mainly used the ‘standard’ German company which had a papper strenght of 300 soldier plus officers & staff. As far as arms & armour is concerned two different types of organisations can be identified, one where a company had 80 pikemen 20 halberdiers and 200 musketeers. The second had 100 pikemen, 20 halberdiers, 150 musketeers and 30 calivermen.  

Valentin Schmid von Wellenstein’s regiment of Foot

Colonel Valentin Schmid von Wellenstein

10 companies:

Colonel Valentin Schmid von Wellenstein

Lieutenant-Colonel Hans Heinrich von Reinach

Major Francesco de Magni

Captain Johann st. Julien

Captain Juan Baptista de Magni

Captain von Edlkirchen

Captain Capler, called Bautz von Eden (Killed in April 1622 before Neckargemünd)

Captain Eisenreich

Captain Hans Georg Schmid von Wellenstein

Captain Le Grand

Raised in August 1620 by Schmid who had previously led the Upper Austrian troops raised against the Emperor(!). Despit this background there seems to have been no distrust of Schmid and his and Anholts regiments were considered the best in the whole army by Tilly.

Levin von Mortaigne’s regiment of Foot

Colonel Levin von Mortaigne

10 companies:

Colonel Levin von Mortaigne

Lieutenant-Colonel Jakob Schöttl

Majort Hans Werner Escher von Büningen

Captain Johann dela Quadra

Captain Lem

Captain Andree Gottfried

Captain Martin (vacant)

Captain Franz Soier

Captain Tserclaes von Montigni

Captain Johann Schwab

Raised 1620

The Würzburg regiment of Foot

Colonel Wolf Dietrich Truchsess von Wetzhausen

8 companies:

Colonel Wolf Dietrich Truchsess von Wetzhausen

Lieutenant-Colonel Joachim Christian von Wahl

Captain Johann Wilhelm Öpp

Captain de Carne

Captain von Neinegg

Captain Jakob von Werdenau

Captain Karl Bosse

Captain von Guttenberg

Colonel Truchsess was a protestant and the former Lt-Col of the regiment, he had gained his postion despite the objections of the Bavarian high command thanks to the massive support he enjoyed among his officers and men who refused to accept any other colonel. Instead both single men and groups had approached Tilly in person to argue in favour Truchsess and all of the officers had signed a jointly written pettion to the Prince-Bishop Johann Gottfried. As the actual owner of the regiment the Prince-Bishop had intervened in  favour of Truchsess who was promoted to colonel.

The two Würzburg regiments had suffered the classic fate of auxiliary troops without their onw representation in the high command, they were badly paid despite the huge sum the Prince-Bishop raised for the Leauges war effort. The two regiments were also exposed to more than their fair share of suffering and danger. As a result the Bavarian high command was held in low regard by the Würzburg rank and file. (Hence the massive support for Lt-Col Truchsess)  After numerous complaints and the intervention of the Prince-Bishop the pay for  Würzburg no longer sent by way of Munich but rather sent directly to the regiments As a result they became the best paid soldiers in the army. 

In 1624 the regiment became the Life Regiment of Generalleutnant Jean T’serclaes Tilly, the famous Alt-Tilly regiment.

Theodor Viebeck von Haimhausen’s regiment of Foot

500 soldiers

Haimhausen’s regiment was in the middle of a reorganisation and only four companies were with Tilly’s army, four new companies had been raised replaced disbanded and transferred companies but these had yet to arrive.

The regiments presence at Weisloch is recorded as “500 haimhausischen knechten” which could indicate that soldiers were commanded musketeers rather than part of ordinary pike &shot companies.

In 1624 Werner T’serclaes Tilly assumed command of the regiment which became known as Jung-Tilly

Artillery

Two Falkonetts

“Falkonett” covered a wide range of light cannon with 1.5 to 3 pound caliber.

Two Scharffetinls

Very light cannon firing ¾ to 1 pound shot.

Found by the Leaugists in Weisloch so were probably 16^th Century pieces and the crew for them must have been improvised.